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About This Resource
This B1–B2 resource develops modal + have + past participle for looking back at earlier situations with a present judgment. It covers regret and criticism, missed opportunities, uncertain possibility, strong deductions, and hypothetical past results.
What You’ll Learn
• Form past modal structures with modal + have + past participle.
• Use should have for retrospective advice, regret, or criticism.
• Use might/could have for past possibility and missed opportunities.
• Use must have and can’t/couldn’t have for strong past deductions.
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